3D Vision
Microsoft's Kinect 3D Vision uses two cameras placed a known distance apart to achieve what is called stereoscopic vision. Stereoscopic vision is a concept that humans utilize everyday.
Humans have two eyes spaced a set distance apart. When we focus on an object our brain is fed two images from slightly different vantage points. Similarly, robots that use stereoscopic vision must have two cameras - to simulate our eyes. If a robot with stereoscopic vision looks at an object, it must take note of the object's focal location in each camera. Once it finds the location of the object, it can then determine the angle of offset each camera sees and through trigonometry figure out how far away the object is. We perform these calculations unconsciously, however when programming a robot, it is a lot more complex than we think.
Microsoft's Kinect although does not have a set of cameras, and although not designed for stereoscopic vision, is a very popular 3D or depth sensor. The depth sensor consists of an
Infrared laser projector combined with a monochrome CMOS sensor, which captures video data in 3D under any
Ambient Light conditions. The sensing range of the depth sensor is adjustable, and the Kinect software is capable of automatically calibrating the sensor based on gameplay and the player's physical environment, accommodating for the presence of furniture or other obstacles.
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