Grounding
Grounding is used as a safety feature on some circuits and equipment to prevent the device from shocking the user. Robots that might source power from the mains (wall socket) sometimes have a third prong on the power cable. This third prong (common on all computer power cables) contains an "earth ground" connection which is connected to any exposed metal surface - such as a metal case or body panel.
Earth ground is an important safety feature because it provides a low resistance return path for the
Electricity to travel in case of an unforeseen emergency - such as insulation failure or moisture condensation. Most large robots that run off of mains power contain grounded connections, which reduces the likelihood of electrical shock to the user or operator. The earth itself can be considered a giant conductor and thus maintains a somewhat consistent voltage. By utilizing this concept, we can use it as a return path and reduce electrical shock hazards.
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